Pump for refrigerating apparatus



Jan. 20, 193%. M. SUMMERS 1,189,3 5

ma? FOR REFRIGERATING APPARATUs Filed Sept. 29, 1928 l HHHHIH so I 27 4. 50 Q Q 28 Zvvuwyflicm.

Patented Jan. 20, 1931 1 .UNITED, STATES.

one u: sums,

OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO FRIGIDAIBE, CORPORATION, OF

DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE rum? r011. BEFRIGERATDIG ArPARA'rUs Application. filed September 29, 1928. Serial No. 809,222.

This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus and particularly to means for coolmg the compressors used in connection with such apparatus. a

i One of the objects of the invention is to provide improved means for dissipating the heat of compression, more specifically to pros vide means for cooling the interior of compressors and certain parts disposed inside the compressors.

Another objectis to provide simple means which can be readily attached to existing compressors to cool their interior parts.

Further objects and advantages of the resent invention will be apparent from the ollowing' description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the, drawings:

Fig. 1-'is an end elevation of a'refrigeratingcompressor embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of acoolin plate;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view part y in section and partly in elevation of a portion'of the compressor shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2 showing amodified form of theinvention.

In compressors as heretofore known the heat of com ression has been removed or dis sipated by clrculating a cooling medium over the compressor body. While this is very effective to remove heat from the outside of the compressor, such heat, as is well-known, is developed in the interior of the compressor and cooling by the above method must therefore depend upon conduction, of the heat through the compressor body to the cooling medium.

Since for structural andeconomic reasons compressors are ordinarily madeof cast iron, the conduction of heat through the compressor'body is rather slow, and since the heat is removed from the compressor at a point which is at a considerable distance from the point where the heat is developed, s ots or zones within the compressor may ecome hot enough to cause damage to the apparatus. My invention is directed to overcoming the 60. difficulties mentioned.

The drawings show a conventional .construction-including a compressor 10 mounted upon any suitable base 11 and driven by means of a flywheel 12 and-belt 13 from a motor, not shown. The compressor includes the usual crankcase 15, and cylinder body 16 which in the embodiment shown contains two cylinders 18. The cylinder body is provided on its exterior with fins 20 disposed in thepath of air moved-by a fan 21- which is customarily incorporated in the flywheel. The compressor draws gaseous refrigerant from an evaporator 22 into its crankcase through an intake connection-22a, compresses therefrigerant and discharges it into a condenser 23 through a discharge connection 23a connected to the compressor head. The evaporator may be constructed for example as shown in the application of J ohn. R. Replogle, Serial No. 466,262, filed May 2, 1921. As shown in Figs. 3' and 4, the compressor head 'is a dome-shaped member 24 which is secured to the cylinder body by bolts 25 and encloses a discharge chamber 26, separated from.the cylinders 18 by means of a partition or valve plate 27 which may be considered as forming the cylinder-head proper. The partition 27 is provided with passageways 28 from each cylinder to the discharge chamber, controlled by check valves 29 which may be constructed as more fully disclosed in my application filed November 25, 1925, Serial No. 71,409.

As indicated in Figs. 3 and 4 and as disclosed in greater detail in said application, the valveplate is formed with a valve seat 30vwhich cooperates with the check valve 29. Since the cylinder Walls, partition 27 and compressor head 24 are ordinarily made of cast iron or steel, both of which are rather poor conductors ofheat, points within the compressor may become very hot. It has been my experience that the temperature. developed within the cylinder and discharge. chamber may be sufliciently high to cause damage to the apparatus in spite of cooling applied to the outside of the compressor. Thismay occur during periods of abnormal service when the compressor is temporarily overloaded. The hot spots or zones in the 10c i the valve plate 27. Connected to t e plate 7 compressor may break down the lubricating oil and cause the depositing of thick,

gummy substances in the apparatus. This gum collects on the valves and valve seats and causes the valves to leak and also stops up the screens and small orifices which, as is well-known, are usually provided in the refrigerating system, for example in the evaporator as shown in the Replogle application referred to.

The structureso far described is wellknown and its particular form is immaterial to the present invention.

. Between the artition 27 and the c linder body I provi e a thermally con ucting member in 'the form of a plate 34' which extends across both cylinders and through the compressor body into the outside atmosphere. This plate is clamped between the partition of valve plate 27 and the cylinder body by the bolts 25 and is sealed to the valve plate and cylinder body by gaskets 35. The plate closes the ends of the cylinders 18 and thus provides the actual cylinder- .head. The plate is made of material-of good thermal conductivity such as brass or copper and is provided with openings 36 which register with the passagewa s 28 in and extending into each of the openings 28 is a relatively long thermally conducting member 42 which is intimately connected to the plate 34 and extends to a point as close to the valve seat as is practicalto permit seating of the valve. This member is preferably a tube which fits fairly snugly within theopening 28, leaving only sufficient clearance to, permit assemblin parts. The tube thus in effect provides the actual conduit for gas between the cylinder and the discharge chamber, and since all of the hot gas forced from the cylinder into the discharge chamber passes along this 4 tube, the tube absorbs a large portion of the heat of compression which is conducted to the outside atmosphere by means of the tube and plate 34.

The portion of the plate 34 which lies outside of the compressor body is provided with suitable means for cooling the plate and thus dissipating the heat of compression. One form of cooling means is shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Heat conducting members are secured in intimate thermal contact with the plate and are disposed inthe path of air moved'by the fan. The heat conducting members are preferably-in the form of short tubes '40 which are passed through-openings-41 in the plate. The tubes are preferably-all of the same length and as they are arranged about the periphery of the plate some of the tubes must be behind other tubes in the air stream. In order to prevent .thetubes from bein shadowed or starved of air by tubes in ont of them,

of the;

.may enter all of the tubes simultaneously.

Instead of depending on the coolingef fect of air currents, I may use the device shown in Fig. 4 wherein 50 is a conduit secured to the plate 34 and through which a suitable cooling medium such as water may be circulated by any suitable means, not shown.

.The above described cooling plate may be applied to existing com ressors by removing the compressor hea and valve plate 27 and inserting the plate tween the valve plate and cylinder body, clamping the whole together with the bolts 25.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it'is to be understoodthat other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope'of the claimswhich follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. In a compressor havin a cylinder, means for dissipating heat 0 compression including a thermally conducting plate extending from within the cylinder outside of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate, and means for cooling the portion of 1slaid plate extending outside the cylinder wa a 2. In a compressor havin a cylinder, means for dissipating heat 0 compression including a thermally conducting plate extending from within the compressor cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality,

of heat conducting members secured to said plate'outside the cylinder wall.

3. In a compressor having a cylinder, means for dissipating heat of compression including a thermally conducting plate extending fromwithin the compressor cylinder outside of the cylinder and remote fr'om parts adjacent the plate, the portion of the plate outside the cylinder wall being provided with openings for the passage of air through said plate.

4. In a compressor having a c linder, a thermally conducting. plate exten ing' from within. the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, the portion of the plate outside the cylinder wall being provided with openings for the passage of air through said plate, and means on the plate for directing air currents through said openings.

5. In a compressor having a cylinder, means for blowing air over the cylinder. a thermall conductingplate extending from within t ecylinder outside of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate, the

portion of the plate outside the cylinder being provided with openings for the passage of air through said plate, and means on the plate for directing a1r currents through said openings. v

6. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder, means for blowing air over the cylinder, a conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality of heat conducting members secured to said plate and disposed in the path of air moved by said blowing means.

7. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder, means for blowing air over the cylinder, a. conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality of tubes secured to said plate and disposed in the path of air moved by said blowing means.- i

8. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder, means for blowing air over the cylinder, a conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality of tubes passing through said plate and disposed in the path of air moved by said blowing means.

9. The combinationin a compressor of a cylinder, means for blowing air over the cylinder, a conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality of vertical tubes secured to said plate having one end of each tube disposed in the path of air moved by said blowing means.

10. The combination in a compressor of.

a cylinder, means for blowing air over said cylinder, a conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere,

' and a lurality of tubes secured to said plate 'and disposed in the path of air moved by said blowing means, the ends of said tubes being constructed and arranged to deflect the air from the blowing means through the tubes. 11. .The combination in a compressor of a cylinder, means for blowing air over said cylinder, a conducting plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, and a plurality of tubes passing through said plate and disposed in the path of air moved by said blower, said tubes being arranged at varying distances from said blower and having their ends at varying heights to permit air from the blower to enter all the tubes simultaneously.

12. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder, a blower for moving air over the cylinder, a conducting'plate extending from within the cylinder to the outside atmosphere, said plate having openings for the passage of air,- and a" plurality of deflecting means extending from said plate to direct air from said blower through said openings, said deflecting means being arranged at varying distances from the blower extending farther away from the plate as the distance from the blower of said deflectin meansincreases, to

outside atmosphere, and a conduit for cooling medium secured to the portion of said plate outside of the compressor cylinder.

14. In a compressor'in combination, a cylinder, a discharge chamber, a partition separatin the cylinder and chamber and having a flui passage therethrough, a valve seat surrounding said passage, and means for cooling the seat including a metal plate of high thermal conductivity extendin from a point adj acent said seat to the outslde of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate.

'15. In a compressor in combination, a cylinder, a discharge chamber, a partition sepa- 'includin a conducting plate extending from the interior of the compressor cylinder to the rating the cylinder and chamber and having a fluid passage therethrough, a valve seat surrounding said passage, and means for cooling the seat includm a plate of high thermal conductivity exten ing outside of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate, and a member of high thermal conductivity intimately connected with said plate and extendthe seat including a metal plate of high thermal conductivity extending from a point adj acent the seat outside of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate, and means for cooling the portion of said member outside of the compressor.

17. In a compressor having a cylinder, a

. discharge chamber and means for dissipating heat of compression including a thermally conducting cylinder head extending outside of the cylinder and remote from parts adjacent the plate, and a relatively long discharge tube of high thermal conductivity thermally connected to said head and discharging into said chamber.

18. In a compressor in combination, a cylhi h thermal conductivity separatin the oylin er and chamber, said partition fiaving a fluid passage therethrough and extending into the atmosphere outside of the cylinder and remote from parts 'adj acent the plate, and a relatively long tube of high thermal con-' ducting capacity thermally connected to said partition for conducting compressed gas from the cylinder to the chamber.

Y In testimony whereof I hereto afiix my signature.

' OTTO 'M. SUMMERS. 

